The Reflection of the Concept of Freedom in the Poems of Afif Bakhtari

Abstract

Freedom is one of the concepts that has been reflected in various ways in the culture and literature of different nations, especially among those who have experienced the bitter taste of colonialism, tyranny, war, and injustice. In these societies, poets and writers, with their delicate artistic and poetic spirit, have raised the cry for freedom, playing a significant role in raising public awareness. Generally, freedom means liberation from any restraints or attachments that limit a person physically and mentally. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study is to examine the concepts of freedom in the poetry of Afif Bakhtari, a renowned contemporary Afghan poet. This essay reveals that the concepts of freedom in his works embody aspects of social freedom, political freedom, freedom of speech and thought, women’s freedom, and resistance against oppression and tyranny. The findings of this research indicate that Afif Bakhtari, the freedom-loving cyclist poet, has unique thoughts and consistently praises freedom with a modern understanding. He considers freedom and the pursuit of it as essential human ideals, using poetry as a tool to confront tyranny and colonialism. Since the term “freedom” holds a special place with a modern interpretation in Bakhtari’s poetry, the author has discussed and analyzed the concept and manifestations of freedom in his poetry using a descriptive-analytical method.