Coral Reefs and the Causes of Their Destruction

Abstract

Coral reefs are among the most important and diverse aquatic ecosystems, requiring significant time for their formation and playing a crucial role in the health of the environment and the Earth's climate. They are also the second richest biome globally, hosting not only coral species and their associated biological communities but also numerous marine species from open waters. Coral reefs represent a sensitive and vulnerable ecosystem.Given their ecological and economic significance, the main objectives of this research are to examine some biological and non-biological factors influencing the density and degradation of these reefs. The central question is: what factors contribute to the destruction and degradation of these ecosystems? This study employs a descriptive-analytical research method, relying on library-based studies. The findings indicate that many organisms dependent on coral reefs have served as a primary food source for fish, shrimp, and other marine species over various periods. The survival of these organisms depends on the preservation of fragile coral ecosystems. However, many coral reefs have been degraded due to various factors in recent times.