Principles and Characteristics of the Social Thought Of Early Muslim Scholars

Abstract

Thought is one of the natural Characteristics of the human and one of the differences between humans and other creatures is mind and thought. The holy religion of Islam has given special importance to the thought, which is why early Muslim Scientists using the message of Islam, have given importance to thought and social thought. The lack of the familiarity among most young people and writers in the Islamic world with the principles and nature of social ideas of ancestors in addition to the common thoughts and beliefs that exist in the world regarding the history and origin of formation of the social ideas is a problem for us.  Here the term of Early Scholars refers to the first group of Muslim Scholars who emerged and theorized after the companions. The aim of this research is to explore the social thought of early Muslim scholars and to identify the principles and features of their social thinking. Based on our review, no prior academic research has been conducted on this topic by university professors in the country, and on the other hand, understanding this issue is essential and necessary for students, which justifies this study. According to the studies conducted, the foundations of the thought of Muslim scholars are based on revelation, divine unity (tawhid), human-centeredness, and universal order. In presenting their ideas, early Muslim scholars primarily focused on religious discussion. They subsequently addressed the concept of the human being and their perfection, as well as historical and philosophical themes. They also paid special attention to the practical application of knowledge. This article has been written using a qualitative research method and an analytical technique, and the library method was preferred for data collection.