Sociological Explanation of Socio- Economic Factors Affecting Academic Decline of Students in Public Schools of Herat City

Abstract

Academic failure is a significant challenge in contemporary societies. Despite substantial economic and social investments in education, a considerable number of students still experience academic failure. This research aims to explain the sociological aspects of the social factors affecting the academic failure of students in Herat City public schools. The importance of this study lies in identifying the main and secondary causes of this phenomenon and providing scientific solutions to reduce it. The necessity of investigating this issue stems from its negative effects on individual and collective development. This research is quantitative in terms of data collection and analysis criteria, and its method is survey-based. The statistical population includes male students from urban schools in Herat, in which 380 students were selected as a sample by probability sampling method, and data were collected from them using a Likert questionnaire. The findings of this research indicate that social, economic, and individual characteristics of students each have varying degrees of influence on academic failure. As a result, this research highlights the need to pay attention to the multi-faceted factors affecting academic failure and shows that academic failure is the outcome of the interaction of several interdependent factors.